{"title":"Immune signalling","description":"\u003cp\u003eMaterials studied in models of immune signalling, inflammatory processes and peptide-cell interactions.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"kpv","title":"Research Compound KPV","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound KPV\u003c\/strong\u003e is a laboratory material for analytical and in vitro work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhat is KPV?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eKPV is the tripeptide lysine-proline-valine (Lys-Pro-Val), with a molecular weight of approximately 342 Da. It corresponds to the C-terminal portion (positions 11–13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a 13-amino-acid peptide of the melanocortin family.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eStudies of α-MSH showed that part of the hormone's anti-inflammatory activity in experimental models is retained in this short C-terminal fragment. This prompted separate study of KPV as a minimal active sequence, independent of the pigmentation-related effects of full-length α-MSH.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn cellular models KPV is associated with inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signalling and reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Work on intestinal epithelium describes cellular uptake of KPV via the PepT1 transporter, studied in animal models of intestinal inflammation. The precise receptor mechanism has not been fully elucidated.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eNF-κB and MAPK signalling\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003ecytokine response\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eintestinal epithelium and the PepT1 transporter\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eepithelial barrier\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003egastrointestinal animal models\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePredominantly preclinical.\u003c\/strong\u003e Data come from cellular and animal models; there is no evidence of clinical efficacy in humans.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated research materials\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eKPV is a component of the combined preparation \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/klow\"\u003eKLOW\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"10 mg \/ Lyophilized vial","offer_id":56971456577876,"sku":"PEP-KPV-10MG-AMP","price":46.75,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56971456610644,"sku":"PEP-KPV-10MG-PEN","price":59.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/peptiva-2026-kpv-10mg-ampulica.png?v=1787606019"},{"product_id":"thymosin-alpha-1","title":"Research Compound Thymosin Alpha-1","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound Thymosin Alpha-1\u003c\/strong\u003e is a laboratory material for analytical and in vitro work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhat is Thymosin Alpha-1?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is an N-acetylated peptide of 28 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 3108 Da. It is derived from the larger precursor protein prothymosin alpha.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTα1 was isolated in 1977 by Allan Goldstein's research group from a fraction of thymic extracts known as thymosin fraction 5. A synthetic form (thymalfasin) was later developed as a regulated pharmaceutical preparation in some countries, so a clinical literature also exists for specific indications.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe literature describes effects on dendritic cells and T-lymphocyte maturation, and interactions with Toll-like receptors (notably TLR2 and TLR9) and MyD88-dependent signalling. These pathways link innate and adaptive immunity, making Tα1 a common model in immune regulation research.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003edendritic cells\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eT-cell maturation and differentiation\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eTLR\/MyD88 signalling\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003ethe relationship between innate and adaptive immunity\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreclinical and clinical data exist\u003c\/strong\u003e for specific pharmaceutical preparations. They cannot be attributed to this research material, whose identity and quality are confirmed only by batch documentation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated research materials\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDespite the similar name, Thymosin Alpha-1 is not related to thymosin beta-4 (\u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/tb-500\"\u003eTB-500\u003c\/a\u003e). For other immune-related peptides see \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/kpv\"\u003eKPV\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/ll-37\"\u003eLL-37\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/thymalin\"\u003eThymalin\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"5 mg \/ Lyophilized vial","offer_id":56971454677332,"sku":"PEP-THYMOSINALPHA1-5MG-AMP","price":38.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"5 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56971454710100,"sku":"PEP-THYMOSINALPHA1-5MG-PEN","price":51.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/peptiva-2026-thymosin-alpha-1-5mg-ampulica.png?v=1787606049"},{"product_id":"glutathione","title":"Research Compound Glutathione","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound Glutathione\u003c\/strong\u003e is a laboratory material for analytical and in vitro work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhat is glutathione?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlutathione (GSH) is the naturally occurring tripeptide γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, with a molecular weight of approximately 307 Da. It is unusual in that glutamate is linked via its gamma-carboxyl group rather than a conventional peptide bond, which protects it from most peptidases.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrederick Gowland Hopkins described glutathione in 1921 and gave it its name. It is now known as the most abundant low-molecular-weight thiol in mammalian cells, with intracellular concentrations in the millimolar range.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eSynthesis proceeds in two steps, via glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase. The cysteine thiol group allows interconversion between the reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) forms. Glutathione participates in glutathione peroxidase activity, conjugation of electrophilic compounds via glutathione S-transferases, and reversible S-glutathionylation of proteins.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eGSH\/GSSG redox balance\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eoxidative stress in cellular models\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eglutathione peroxidases and S-transferases\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eprotein S-glutathionylation\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe biochemical role is very well established.\u003c\/strong\u003e Outcomes depend on formulation, model and research question.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"1500 mg \/ Lyophilized vial","offer_id":56971452088660,"sku":"PEP-GLUTATHIONE-1500MG-AMP","price":38.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/peptiva-2026-glutathione-1500mg-ampulica.png?v=1787605988"},{"product_id":"ll-37","title":"Research Compound LL-37","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound LL-37\u003c\/strong\u003e is a laboratory material for analytical and in vitro work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhat is LL-37?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eLL-37 is a 37-amino-acid peptide beginning with two leucines (hence the name), with a molecular weight of approximately 4.5 kDa. It is the only human cathelicidin, produced by cleavage of the C-terminal part of the precursor protein hCAP18, primarily by proteinase 3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman cathelicidin was described in the mid-1990s, a period when antimicrobial peptides were recognised as an important part of mammalian innate immunity. LL-37 has since become one of the most studied human antimicrobial peptides.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn solution LL-37 forms a positively charged amphipathic alpha-helix, allowing it to interact with and disrupt negatively charged bacterial membranes. Beyond direct antimicrobial activity in vitro, it is studied as an immunomodulator: it binds lipopolysaccharide, influences chemotaxis and activates receptors such as FPR2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eantimicrobial peptides and membrane interactions\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003einnate immunity\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eimmunomodulation and chemotaxis\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003ebacterial antibiotic resistance\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrong mechanistic and preclinical literature.\u003c\/strong\u003e There is no basis for independent therapeutic use of the research material.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"10 mg \/ Vial","offer_id":56972272763220,"sku":"PEP-LL37-10MG-AMP","price":85.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56972272795988,"sku":"PEP-LL37-10MG-PEN","price":97.75,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/95BC8B31-78F0-44C9-9649-DBBA8D6DDA25.png?v=1788125969"},{"product_id":"thymalin","title":"Research Compound Thymalin","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound Thymalin\u003c\/strong\u003e is a laboratory material for analytical and in vitro work, with a total declared content of 10 mg.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhat is Thymalin?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThymalin originally denotes a complex of polypeptides isolated from the thymus, not a single defined molecule. For this reason it is particularly important with this material to check the declared composition and the analytical documentation of the specific batch.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe preparation was developed in the 1970s by Vladimir Khavinson and Vyacheslav Morozov in Leningrad, as part of research into peptide bioregulators from various tissues. The same research school later developed synthetic short peptides such as \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/epithalon\"\u003eEpithalon\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe literature describes effects on T-lymphocyte differentiation and on the ratio of lymphocyte subpopulations in experimental models, as well as research in the context of age-related thymic involution. Because it is a mixture of peptides, attributing an effect to any single molecule is methodologically difficult.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003ethymus biology and thymic involution\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eT-lymphocyte differentiation\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003epeptide complexes and their standardisation\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eimmune signalling\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLimited and heterogeneous\u003c\/strong\u003e, largely from regional literature and the same research school.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor other thymus-related peptides see \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/thymosin-alpha-1\"\u003eThymosin Alpha-1\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"10 mg \/ Vial","offer_id":56972272894292,"sku":"PEP-THYMALIN-10MG-AMP","price":42.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56972272927060,"sku":"PEP-THYMALIN-10MG-PEN","price":55.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/BEEEF6D9-B8CD-47D1-830B-AB3B4FAFC320_25cd6173-38d7-4a7f-a2f3-052a245a5498.png?v=1788126632"},{"product_id":"glow","title":"Research Compound GLOW","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound GLOW\u003c\/strong\u003e is a combined research preparation for analytical and in vitro work, with a total declared content of 70 mg.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eComposition\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGLOW combines three research materials: \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/ghk-cu\"\u003eGHK-Cu\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/bpc-157\"\u003eBPC-157\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/tb-500\"\u003eTB-500\u003c\/a\u003e. The ratio of components is stated in the product specification. The total of 70 mg refers to the sum of all components, not the amount of any single molecule.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRationale for the combination\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eEach component covers a different area of cell biology. GHK-Cu is studied in fibroblast and extracellular matrix models, BPC-157 in models of angiogenesis and vascular signalling, and thymosin beta-4 in models of actin dynamics and cell migration. The combination allows these processes to be studied in the same experimental system.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eextracellular matrix and fibroblasts\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eangiogenesis and vascular models\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003ecell migration\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003estability and interactions of components in a mixture\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAnalytical considerations\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eWith a three-component mixture, the identity and amount of each molecule must be verified separately. In addition, the copper ion from GHK-Cu may affect the stability of other peptides in solution, another reason for careful interpretation of analytical data.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEvidence relates to the individual components.\u003c\/strong\u003e Synergy of the finished combination has not been confirmed.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eKLOW additionally contains KPV: see \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/klow\"\u003eKLOW\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"70 mg \/ Vial","offer_id":56972272992596,"sku":"PEP-GLOW-70MG-AMP","price":114.75,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"70 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56972273025364,"sku":"PEP-GLOW-70MG-PEN","price":127.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/31BA46DC-C1FC-43C1-AEBF-39AE6A336952.png?v=1788126769"},{"product_id":"klow","title":"Research Compound KLOW","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Compound KLOW\u003c\/strong\u003e is a combined research preparation for analytical and in vitro work, with a total declared content of 80 mg.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eComposition\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eKLOW combines four research materials: \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/ghk-cu\"\u003eGHK-Cu\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/bpc-157\"\u003eBPC-157\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/tb-500\"\u003eTB-500\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/kpv\"\u003eKPV\u003c\/a\u003e. The ratio of components is stated in the product specification. The total of 80 mg refers to the sum of all components.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eHow it differs from GLOW\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eKLOW contains the same three components as \u003ca href=\"\/en\/products\/glow\"\u003eGLOW\u003c\/a\u003e, plus KPV, a tripeptide fragment of alpha-MSH studied in models of inflammatory signalling and intestinal epithelium. In addition to extracellular matrix, angiogenesis and cell migration, the combination therefore also covers NF-κB signalling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMain research areas\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eextracellular matrix\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003evascular and actin biology\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003einflammatory signalling (NF-κB)\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003estability of multi-peptide mixtures\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAnalytical considerations\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eWith four components, analytical verification is more complex than for any single material: confirming one component does not confirm the others, and interactions in solution may affect stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eLevel of evidence\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEvidence relates to the individual components.\u003c\/strong\u003e Synergy of the finished combination has not been confirmed.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch use only:\u003c\/strong\u003e for laboratory, analytical and in vitro research only; not for use in humans or animals. Guidance on batch documentation is available in our \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"80 mg \/ Bottle","offer_id":56972273058132,"sku":"PEP-KLOW-80MG-AMP","price":140.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"80 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56972273090900,"sku":"PEP-KLOW-80MG-PEN","price":153.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/7312A97C-F54A-4C00-9ACA-E773B24D1F64.png?v=1788126933"},{"product_id":"istrazivacki-spoj-ara-290-cibinetide","title":"Istraživački spoj ARA 290 (Cibinetide)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIstraživački spoj ARA 290 (Cibinetide)\u003c\/strong\u003e laboratorijski je materijal specifikacije 10 mg za analitički i in vitro rad, dostupan kao liofilizirana bočica ili istraživački dozator.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eŠto je ARA 290 (Cibinetide)?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eARA 290, poznat i kao Cibinetide, kratki je sintetski peptid izveden iz helix-B regije eritropoetina.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMehanizam i istraživački kontekst\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIstražuje se kroz takozvani innate repair receptor, povezan s EPOR i β-common receptorom (CD131). Objavljeni radovi razmatraju upalnu signalizaciju te neuralne, vaskularne i druge tkivne modele.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eGlavna područja istraživanja\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEPOR\/CD131 receptorska signalizacija\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eupala i odgovor tkiva u eksperimentalnim modelima\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eneuralni i vaskularni modeli\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRazina dokaza\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eUz pretkliničke radove postoje i ograničeni klinički podaci za ispitivane pripravke i populacije. To ne uspostavlja široku kliničku učinkovitost, dugoročnu sigurnost niti svojstva ove serije.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003ePovezani sadržaji\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003ePročitajte \u003ca href=\"\/en\/blogs\/novosti\/ara-290-cibinetide-innate-repair-receptor\"\u003epovezani pregled istraživanja\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/collections\/tkivni-i-vaskularni-modeli\"\u003etkivni i vaskularni modeli\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/collections\/imunoloska-signalizacija\"\u003eimunološka signalizacija\u003c\/a\u003e. Za tumačenje dokumentacije serije pogledajte \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA vodič\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIstraživačka namjena:\u003c\/strong\u003e isključivo za laboratorijsko, analitičko i in vitro istraživanje; nije namijenjeno primjeni na ljudima ili životinjama.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"10 mg \/ Liofilizirana bočica","offer_id":57370241007956,"sku":"PEP-ARA290-10MG-AMP","price":38.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mg \/ Istraživački dozator","offer_id":57370241040724,"sku":"PEP-ARA290-10MG-PEN","price":51.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/peptiva-ara-290-10mg-vial.png?v=1790868805"},{"product_id":"istrazivacki-spoj-vilon","title":"Istraživački spoj Vilon","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIstraživački spoj Vilon\u003c\/strong\u003e laboratorijski je materijal specifikacije 20 mg za analitički i in vitro rad, dostupan kao liofilizirana bočica ili istraživački dozator.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eŠto je Vilon?\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eVilon je kratki sintetski peptid koji se u literaturi proučava u imunološkim i timusnim istraživačkim modelima.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMehanizam i istraživački kontekst\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIstraživanja su razmatrala moguće promjene imunoloških pokazatelja, uključujući modele povezane sa starenjem. Dostupna literatura je uža i neujednačena, pa rezultate treba tumačiti oprezno.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eGlavna područja istraživanja\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eimunološki i timusni modeli\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eimunosenescencija i eksperimentalni markeri\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusporedba kratkih bioregulatornih peptida\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRazina dokaza\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eObjavljeni podaci su ograničeni i ne predstavljaju potvrdu kliničke učinkovitosti ili sigurnosti. Zaključke iz pojedinih modela nije moguće izravno prenijeti na ljude.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003ePovezani sadržaji\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003ePročitajte \u003ca href=\"\/en\/blogs\/novosti\/vilon-vs-pinealon-bioregulatori\"\u003epovezani pregled istraživanja\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/collections\/imunoloska-signalizacija\"\u003eimunološka signalizacija\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"\/en\/collections\/neuropeptidi\"\u003eneuropeptidi\u003c\/a\u003e. Za tumačenje dokumentacije serije pogledajte \u003ca href=\"\/en\/pages\/coa-vodic\"\u003eCOA vodič\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIstraživačka namjena:\u003c\/strong\u003e isključivo za laboratorijsko, analitičko i in vitro istraživanje; nije namijenjeno primjeni na ljudima ili životinjama.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"20 mg \/ Liofilizirana bočica","offer_id":57370242187604,"sku":"PEP-VILON-20MG-AMP","price":59.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 mg \/ Istraživački dozator","offer_id":57370242220372,"sku":"PEP-VILON-20MG-PEN","price":72.25,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/peptiva-vilon-20mg-vial.png?v=1790868827"}],"url":"https:\/\/peptiva.com.hr\/en\/collections\/imunoloska-signalizacija.oembed","provider":"Peptiva peptides","version":"1.0","type":"link"}