{"product_id":"ll-37","title":"LL-37","description":"\u003ch2\u003eWhat is LL-37?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL-37 is a peptide composed of \u003cstrong\u003e37 amino acids\u003c\/strong\u003e that is formed by the cleavage of the human precursor protein hCAP18, a member of the cathelicidin family. It is part of the innate immune system and is studied for its interactions with microorganisms, cell membranes, and inflammatory signaling pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe natural presence of LL-37 in the body does not confirm the safety or suitability of the research preparation's application.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMechanism and scientific context\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL-37 is a positively charged, amphipathic peptide that, under certain experimental conditions, can interact with microbial membranes and disrupt their structure. Its activity depends on concentration, media composition, the presence of salts and proteins, and the type of microorganism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its antimicrobial activity in laboratory models, its role in immune cell migration, inflammatory signaling, and epithelial responses is being studied. The effects are not unambiguously anti-inflammatory: depending on the circumstances, LL-37 can promote or modulate inflammatory processes and exhibit \u003cstrong\u003ecytotoxicity\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMain areas of research\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003einnate immunity and cathelicidin peptides\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003einteractions of peptides with microbial and cell membranes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eantimicrobial activity and biofilms in laboratory models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eimmune cell migration and regulation of inflammatory signaling\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eepithelial barrier and tissue response to damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003erelationship between concentration, biological activity, and cytotoxicity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eHow to interpret research data?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiterature on LL-37 should be read according to the type of evidence: results from biochemical analyses, cell cultures, animal models, and controlled clinical studies do not carry equal weight.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe concentration used, the composition of the experimental medium, the duration of exposure, the control group, and independent reproducibility of results are particularly important. Antimicrobial activity observed in the laboratory does not prove efficacy in treating infections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are also clinical studies of certain topical LL-37 formulations, but their results do not confirm the safety, efficacy, or suitability of this product or other methods of application.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAvailable Peptiva variants\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e10 mg · Vial\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003e10 mg · Research dispenser\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou select the available format as a variant of the same product. Before ordering, check the name of the selected variant, the declared quantity, and the corresponding price.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-peptiva-packaging=\"v12\"\u003eFormat and package content\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch dispenser:\u003c\/strong\u003e The variant contains a fully filled dispenser with the selected content, not just a separate replacement cartridge. The quantity stated with the variant refers to the total declared content, not the quantity per individual use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVial:\u003c\/strong\u003e The variant contains research material in a vial, without a dispenser. The name of the packaging itself does not determine whether the content is lyophilized, in another solid form, or in solution; the declaration of the specific batch is authoritative. This description does not apply to bacteriostatic water or a separate empty container.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStorage and handling conditions depend on the specific formulation and batch declaration. The form of packaging does not confirm sterility, dosing accuracy, stability, or suitability for human or animal use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eImportant limitations\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL-37 is not a simple \"immune booster.\" Its effects depend on the biological context, and in certain models, include promoting inflammation and cell damage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe product is not intended for the treatment of bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, wound treatment, skin diseases, or as a substitute for antibiotics or other medical therapies. The description does not constitute a recommendation for self-administration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBatch documentation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor inquiries about available COA documentation, please contact \u003ca href=\"mailto:peptivacomhr@gmail.com\"\u003epeptivacomhr@gmail.com\u003c\/a\u003e with the product name and LOT number if known. The availability and scope of analyses are checked for the specific batch.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor interpreting results, the exact identity of the peptide and the analytical methods used are important. In studies of immune signaling, it is particularly important to check for endotoxin data, as these can affect the results. Purity analysis itself does not confirm the absence of endotoxins. COA does not inherently prove sterility or suitability for human or animal use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntended use and limitations:\u003c\/strong\u003e The product is intended exclusively for laboratory research. It is not intended for use in humans or animals, diagnosis, treatment, mitigation, or prevention of disease. The description is not medical advice. The research-use-only label and packaging name do not in themselves determine the regulatory status of the product or prove its safety or sterility.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Peptiva","offers":[{"title":"10 mg \/ Vial","offer_id":56972272763220,"sku":"PEP-LL37-10MG-AMP","price":100.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 mg \/ Research dispenser","offer_id":56972272795988,"sku":"PEP-LL37-10MG-PEN","price":115.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1046\/2219\/5028\/files\/95BC8B31-78F0-44C9-9649-DBBA8D6DDA25.png?v=1788125969","url":"https:\/\/peptiva.com.hr\/en\/products\/ll-37","provider":"Peptiva peptides","version":"1.0","type":"link"}